Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to copper
and reduction of tiredness and fatigue (ID 272), maintenance of the normal
function of the nervous system (ID 1723), maintenance of the normal
function of the immune system (ID 1725) and contribution to normal
energy-yielding metabolism (ID 1729) pursuant to Article 13(1) of
Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006[sup]1[/sup]
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA)2, 3
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
Słowa kluczowe:
Copper
energy-yielding metabolism
fatigue
health claims
immune system
nervous system
tiredness
1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika
The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is copper. Copper is a well recognised nutrient and is measurable in foods by established methods.
Copper occurs naturally in foods and is authorised for addition to foods (Annex I of Regulation (EC) No 1925/20066 and Annex I of Directive 2002/46/EC7). This evaluation applies to copper naturally present in foods and those forms authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC).
The Panel considers that the food constituent, copper, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised.
2. Znaczenie oświadczenia dla zdrowia człowieka
2.1. Zmniejszenie zmęczenia (ID 272)
The claimed effect is “vitamin/mineral supplementation to reduce fatigue and tiredness in situations of inadequate micronutrient status”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel considers that reduction of tiredness and fatigue is a beneficial physiological effect.
2.2. Utrzymanie prawidłowego funkcjonowania układu nerwowego (ID 1723)
The claimed effect is “neurological system structure and function”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
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A claim on copper and maintenance of the normal function of the nervous system has already been assessed with a favourable outcome (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA), 2009).
2.3. Utrzymanie prawidłowego funkcjonowania układu odpornościowego (ID 1725)
The claimed effect is “immune system”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
A claim on copper and maintenance of the normal function of the immune system has already been assessed with a favourable outcome (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA), 2009).
2.4. Udział w prawidłowym pozyskiwaniu energii w procesach metabolicznych (ID 1729)
The claimed effect is “energy metabolism”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
A claim on copper and contribution to normal energy-yielding metabolism has already been assessed with a favourable outcome (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA), 2009).
3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka -
3.1. Zmniejszenie zmęczenia (ID 272)
Five references were provided for the scientific substantiation of this claim. One reference was a human study which did not address an appropriate endpoint related to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue. Another reference was a review on vitamins and minerals, and their effects on physical performance, which did not address copper; the three remaining references were textbooks, which did not include any original data which could be used for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the dietary intake of copper and reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
Wnioski
On the basis of the data presented, the Panel concludes that:
The food constituent, copper, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised.
Reduction of tiredness and fatigue (ID 272)
The claimed effect is “vitamin/mineral supplementation to reduce fatigue and tiredness in situations of inadequate micronutrient status”. The target population is assumed to be the general population. Reduction of tiredness and fatigue is a beneficial physiological effect.
A cause and effect relationship has not been established between the dietary intake of copper and reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
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Maintenance of the normal function of the nervous system (ID 1723)
The claimed effect is “neurological system structure and function”. The target population is assumed to be the general population.
A claim on copper and maintenance of the normal function of the nervous system has already been assessed with a favourable outcome.
Maintenance of the normal function of the immune system (ID 1725)
The claimed effect is “immune system”. The target population is assumed to be the general population.
A claim on copper and maintenance of the normal function of the immune system has already been assessed with a favourable outcome.
Contribution to normal energy-yielding metabolism (ID 1729)
The claimed effect is “energy metabolism”. The target population is assumed to be the general population.
A claim on copper and contribution to normal energy-yielding metabolism has already been assessed with a favourable outcome.
