ID 777 - Fruktooligosacharydy z sacharozy

PL: Fruktooligosacharydy z sacharozy
EN: Fructoligosaccharides from sucrose
Pdf: fructooligosaccharides

Oświadczenie (2)

1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika

The food constituent that is the subject of the health claim is fructooligosaccharides obtained from sucrose.
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) obtained from sucrose are prepared by enzymatic elongation of sucrose, and consist of a mixture of kestose (glucose-fructose-fructose, GF2), nystose (GF3) and fructosylnystose (GF4), with an average degree of polymerisation (DPav) of 3.6, and are sometimes referred to as short-chain fructooligosaccharides. They differ from natural fructans by degree of polymerisation (DP) (only 10 % of native chicory inulins have a DP between 2 and 5) (Roberfroid, 2007), and from oligofructoses prepared by inulin hydrolysis (DP from 2 to 7, DPav 4) by the systematic presence of a glucose moiety.
The Panel considers that the food constituent, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) from sucrose, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised.

2.5. Wzrost wchłaniania wapnia i/lub magnezu prowadzący do zwiększenia ilości wapnia i/lub magnezu w organizmie (ID 776, 777)

The claimed effects are “increase mineral (Ca/Mg) absorption” and “mineral absorption”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel notes that the claimed effect (improved nutrient absorption) is only considered beneficial where absorption is a limiting factor for the maintenance of adequate status of the nutrient, and where increased absorption leads to increased retention.
The Panel considers that an increase in magnesium and/or calcium absorption leading to an increase in magnesium and/or calcium retention may be a beneficial physiological effect.
S) from sucrose related health claims
9 EFSA Journal 2010;9(4):2023

3.4. Wzrost wchłaniania wapnia i/lub magnezu prowadzący do zwiększenia ilości wapnia i/lub magnezu w organizmie (ID 776, 777)

Among the references cited in relation to this claim were narrative reviews that either did not contain original data that could be used for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect, or did not address the food constituent which is the subject of the claim. A number of references addressed outcomes not related to the claimed effect, or used different inulin-type fructans or a mixture of short- chain fructooligosaccharides and inulin. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect.
Five human studies explicitly used FOS from sucrose (Fukushima et al., 2002; Hosono et al., 1997; Ohta et al., 1999; Tahiri et al., 2001; 2003), which is the subject of the claim.
Three of the human intervention studies addressed the effects of FOS from sucrose on urinary excretion of calcium as a surrogate measure of calcium absorption after a single oral dose of calcium administered in different chemical forms (Fukushima et al., 2002; Hosono et al., 1997; Ohta et al., 1999). None of the studies provided measures of calcium retention. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these acute and small-scale studies for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect.
A first study by Tahiri et al. (2001) was conducted in 11 healthy postmenopausal women not receiving hormone replacement therapy who consumed 10 g/day of FOS for five weeks, and placebo for another five weeks, with a three-week wash-out period in between, following a cross-over, double-blind, randomised design. Magnesium absorption from the diet (providing around 250 mg Mg/day) was determined by ingestion of a stable isotope (25Mg) and a faecal marker. The absorption of magnesium was significantly increased from 30.2±5 % to 33.9±7.2 % (i.e. a 12 % increase) in the FOS group. This increase was accompanied by an increase in 25Mg plasma concentrations and by an increase in
S) from sucrose related health claims
12 EFSA Journal 2010;9(4):2023
magnesium urinary excretion. Isotope-labelled 25Mg retention was reported to be significantly higher with FOS (27.5±5.6 mg) than without FOS (24.7±4.0 mg), however the increase in urinary excretion of magnesium was similar to the increase in magnesium absorption (10 mg/day). No significant increase in apparent magnesium retention was observed.
A second study by Tahiri et al. (2003) was a double-blind, cross-over, randomised control trial (RCT) conducted in 12 healthy post-menopausal women not receiving hormonal therapy who consumed 10 g FOS and placebo for five weeks each with a three-week wash-out period in between. Calcium absorption from the diet (providing about 900 mg Ca/day) was determined using oral isotope-labelled 44Ca and a faecal marker. Changes in intestinal absorption of calcium were not different between groups. Calcium retention was not measured in this study.
Two studies in rats investigated the effects of FOS from sucrose of different chain length on calcium and magnesium absorption and excretion (Ohta et al., 1995; 1998). The Panel considers that evidence provided in rat studies is not sufficient to predict the occurrence of an effect of the consumption of FOS on mineral absorption in humans, especially when considering anatomical differences in the caecum and large intestine between rats and humans.
In weighing the evidence, the Panel took into account that only two chronic studies in a low number of human subjects were provided, and that these studies, though suggesting an effect on magnesium (but not calcium) absorption, do not show an effect of FOS from sucrose on mineral retention.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of fructooligosaccharides from sucrose and an increase in magnesium and/or calcium absorption leading to an increase in magnesium and/or calcium retention.

Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

Min. 10 g per day