ID 551 -
Olej z orzeszków pini
PL: Olej z orzeszków pini
EN: Pine nut oil
Pdf:
1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika
The food constituent that is the subject of the health claim is “pine nut oil”.
In the context of the references provided (Lipid Nutrition, 2008a, 2008b), the Panel assumes that the food which is the subject of the claim refers to a specific pine nut oil preparation from Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc. This preparation is well defined and contains less than 1 % of free fatty acids (oleic acid) and 99 % of triglycerides (46 % linoleic acid, 25 % oleic acid, 16 % pinoleic acid), and can be characterised and quantified by established methods. This oil preparation also contains 1,000 ppm tocopherols and 2,500 ppm rosemary extract.
The Panel notes that the food constituent that is the subject of the health claim is a specific commercial preparation of pine nut oil from Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.
The Panel considers that the food constituent, pine nut oil from Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc. in the specific preparation, which is the subject of this opinion, is sufficiently characterised in relation to the claimed effect.
2. Znaczenie oświadczenia dla zdrowia człowieka
The claimed effect is “satiety”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
Satiety is the decrease in motivation to eat after consumption of food. The effect may persist up to several hours, may reduce energy intake either at the next meal or across the day and, if sustained, may lead to a reduction in body weight.
The Panel considers that an increase in satiety leading to a reduction in energy intake, if sustained, might be a beneficial physiological effect.
3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka - Wzrost sytości prowadzący do zmniejszenia przyjmowanej energii
The references provided included narrative reviews, and animal and human studies, on different aspects related to appetite regulation in general, including the effects of various food components other than pine nut oil on intestinal gut hormones proposed to be involved in appetite regulation. Also, three abstracts were provided that reported on the effects of pine nut oil consumption, either alone or in combination with other food constituents, on appetite sensations, on the release of gut hormones, and on weight management. These abstracts did not provide sufficient information for a scientific evaluation. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect.
Two publications of randomised controlled trials were provided that investigated the acute effects of consumption of the specific preparation of pine nut oil, which is the subject of the health claim, on appetite ratings and release of gut hormones (e.g. cholecystokinin (CCK-8), glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY) and ghrelin) (Hughes et al., 2008; Pasman et al., 2008), and on subsequent energy intake (Hughes et al., 2008), in overweight women. The Panel notes that none of these studies tested the sustainability of an effect of pine nut oil on appetite ratings and subsequent energy intake (i.e. effects were tested on a single occasion and no information was provided on the repeated consumption of the food constituent). The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of “pine nut oil from Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.” and a sustained increase in satiety leading to a reduction in energy intake.
Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
3 g per occasion
