ID 53 - Niacyna

PL: Niacyna
EN: Nacin
Pdf: niacin

Oświadczenie (4)

Oświadczenie (2)

1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika

The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is niacin, which is a well recognised nutrient and is measurable in foods by established methods.
Preformed niacin occurs naturally in foods either as nicotinamide or as the derived pyridine nucleotide coenzymes (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADP) or as nicotinic acid. Niacin can also be synthesised in the body from dietary tryptophan. Niacin is the common term for nicotinamide and nicotinic acid and is authorised for addition to foods (Annex I of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/20064 and Annex I of Directive 2002/46/EC5). This evaluation applies to niacin naturally present in foods and those forms authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC).
The Panel considers that the food constituent, niacin, which is the subject of the health claim is sufficiently characterised.

2.2. Funkcjonowanie układu nerwowego (ID 44, 53)

The claimed effects are “neurological functions” and “neurological systems”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel considers that normal function of the nervous system is beneficial to human health.

3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka

Niacin (as NAD and NADP) has a central role in the hydrogen/electron transfer redox reactions in cells. The most important functions of NAD are in the major catabolic pathways in relation to the oxidation of energy-producing fuels whereas the principal functions of NADP are in reductive biosyntheses, such as lipid biosynthesis (Jacob, 2006; EVM, 2002; IoM, 2000).

3.2. Funkcjonowanie układu nerwowego (ID 44, 53)

A combined deficiency of niacin and tryptophan causes the classical symptoms of pellagra. The clinical features of pellagra are dermatitis, diarrhoea and dementia. Neurological symptoms include depression, apathy, headache, fatigue and loss of memory (Jacob, 2006; EVM, 2002; IoM, 2000).
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of niacin and normal function of the nervous system. However, the evidence provided does not establish that inadequate intake of niacin leading to impaired function of the nervous system occurs in the general EU population.

4.2. Funkcjonowanie układu nerwowego (ID 44, 53)

The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Niacin contributes to the normal function of the nervous system”.

5. Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

The Panel considers that in order to bear the claim a food should be at least a source of niacin as per Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. Such amounts can be easily consumed as part of a balanced diet. The target population is the general population. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) have been established for free nicotinic acid as 10 mg/day for adults and for children and adolescents as 2 mg/day for 1-3 years, 3 mg/day for 4-6 years, 4 mg/day for 7-10 years, 6 mg/day for 11-14 years and 8 mg/day for 15-17 years. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) have been also established for nicotinamide as 900 mg/day for adults and for children and adolescents as 150 mg/day for 1-3 years, 220 mg/day for 4-6 years, 350 mg/day for 7-10 years, 500 mg/day for 11-14 years and 700 mg/day for 15-17 years (SCF, 2002).

Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

Minimum 15% RDA per 100g or 100ml or per single servings as per 90/496/EEC Agency guidance for supplements is that products containing >20 mg of Nicotinic acid should carry the label advisory statement "This amount of Nicotinic acid]* may cause skin flus