ID 428 - Białka serwatkowe

PL: Białka serwatkowe
EN: Whey Protein
Pdf: whey protein

Oświadczenie (2)

1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika

The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is whey protein.
Whey protein is a mixture of globular proteins isolated from whey, a by-product obtained during the manufacturing of cheese from cow's milk. Beta-lactoglobulin (approx. 50 %), alpha-lactalbumin (approx 20 %), bovine serum albumin (approx 10 %) and immunoglobulins are the major protein fractions in whey.
Whey can be treated and processed in different ways depending on the type of whey protein end products to be obtained. Main commercial forms are concentrates (29-89 % protein by weight), isolates (about 90 % protein by weight) and hydrolysates (partially pre-digested). Small differences in composition between different whey protein products may exist depending on the manufacturing processes applied. These products generally have a high content of essential amino acids, especially high proportions of available lysine and cysteine.
A claim on protein and growth or maintenance of muscle mass has been assessed by the Panel with a favourable outcome (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA), 2010). In this opinion, the Panel will address whether the consumption of whey protein has any effect on growth or maintenance of muscle mass over and above the well established role of protein on the claimed effect.
The Panel considers that the food constituent, whey protein, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised in relation to the claimed effects.

2.7. Wzrost wytrzymałości podczas kolejnych ćwiczeń fizycznych po dużym wysiłku (ID 428)

The claimed effect is “physical performance”. The Panel assumes that the target population is active individuals in the general population.
In the context of the proposed wording, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect refers to an increase in endurance capacity.
The terms endurance performance and endurance capacity are often used as synonyms. However, endurance capacity refers to the exercise time to volitional fatigue when exercising at a constant workload or speed, whereas endurance performance relates to the ability of completing a certain task (e.g. running a certain distance) as fast as possible. In the context of the proposed wording, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect refers to an increase in endurance capacity during the subsequent exercise bout after strenuous exercise.
The Panel considers that an increase in endurance capacity during the subsequent exercise bout after strenuous exercise is a beneficial physiological effect.

2.8. Naprawa tkanki mięśniowej poprzecznie prążkowanej (mięśni szkieletowych) (ID 428)

The claimed effect is “physical performance”. The Panel assumes that the target population is active individuals performing resistance exercise.
In the context of the proposed wording, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect refers to the rebuilding of structural protein within the skeletal muscle tissue after exercise that has caused muscle damage.
The Panel considers that skeletal muscle tissue repair is a beneficial physiological effect.

2.9. Szybsza regeneracja mięśni po wysiłku fizycznym (ID 423, 428, 431)

The claimed effects are “muscle fatigue recovery” and “muscle recovery”. The Panel assumes that the target population is active individuals in the general population.
The Panel assumes that the claimed effects refer to muscle fatigue recovery.
Fatigue can be defined as the loss of peak force or power output. Therefore, muscle fatigue recovery can be defined as the regaining of maximal muscle strength or muscle power after strenuous exercise that has induced muscle fatigue. Regaining muscle strength/power may be beneficial during every day life activities, and is beneficial for athletic performance in disciplines where loss of muscle strength and power reduces performance.
The Panel considers that faster recovery from muscle fatigue after exercise is a beneficial physiological effect.

3.7. Wzrost wytrzymałości podczas kolejnych ćwiczeń fizycznych po dużym wysiłku (ID 428)

Most of the references provided for the scientific substantiation of this claim addressed the effects of protein sources other than whey, used whey protein in combination with other food constituents (e.g. carbohydrates, specific amino acids) or enriched in specific amino acids (e.g. cysteine). Other references addressed the effects of whey protein supplements used as pre-load on endurance capacity and/or performance during exercise, but not at a subsequent exercise bout. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claim.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between post exercise consumption of whey protein and an increase in endurance capacity during the subsequent exercise bout after strenuous exercise.

3.8. Naprawa tkanki mięśniowej poprzecznie prążkowanej (mięśni szkieletowych) (ID 428)

Some of the references provided for the scientific substantiation of this claim addressed the effects of whey protein or of protein other than whey, either alone or in combination with carbohydrates compared to carbohydrates alone or compared to other protein sources, on indirect measures of muscle damage (e.g. concentration of intracellular muscle enzymes in the blood, muscle pain, muscle strength or other performance parameters) which are not necessarily related to improved repair of skeletal muscle structures. The remaining references were narrative reviews that did not provide original data for the substantiation of the claimed effect. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claim.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of whey protein after resistance exercise and skeletal muscle tissue repair.

3.9. Szybsza regeneracja mięśni po wysiłku fizycznym (ID 423, 428, 431)

Some of the references provided for the scientific substantiation of this claim addressed the effects of whey protein on health outcomes unrelated to the claimed effect (e.g. concentration of intracellular muscle enzymes in the blood, muscle pain, muscle strength or other performance parameters) or on the effects of protein hydrolysates in combination with carbohydrates compared to carbohydrates alone given after an initial strenuous exercise bout on performance parameters at a subsequent exercise bout after a recovery period. The Panel notes that, although these latter studies used an appropriate design to test muscle fatigue recovery, the effects of whey protein were not assessed (Ready et al 1999; Romano-Ely et al. 2006; Saunders et al. 2004). The remaining references were narrative reviews which did not provide original data for the substantiation of the claimed effect. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claim.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of whey protein and faster recovery from muscle fatigue after exercise.

Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

Must meet minimum requirements for use of the claim "source of [name of vitamin/s] and/or [name of mineral/s], source of protein etc (delete as appropriate)" as per Annex to Regulation 1924/2006.