ID 327 -
Fosfor
PL: Fosfor
EN: Phosphorus
Pdf: phosphorus
Oświadczenie (4)
- Fosfor przyczynia się do utrzymania prawidłowej budowy kości i zębów
Oświadczenie (2)
- struktury kości i zębów
- kości i zębów struktury
1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika
The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is phosphorus, which is a well recognised nutrient and is measurable in foods by established methods.
Phosphorus occurs naturally in foods and it is authorised for addition to foods and for use in food supplements (Annex I of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/20064 and Annex I of Directive 2002/46/EC5). This evaluation applies to phosphorus naturally present in foods and those forms authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC).
The Panel considers that the food constituent, phosphorus, which is the subject of the health claims is sufficiently characterised.
2.3. Utrzymanie prawidłowego stanu kości i zębów (ID 324, 327)
The claimed effects are “structure of bones and teeth” and “bone and teeth structure”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel considers that maintenance of normal bone and teeth is beneficial to human health.
3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka
Phosphates are involved in many metabolic and structural functions as well as the regulation of the acid-base balance. Phoshorus is part of many organic compounds such as nucleic acids, inositol triphosphate, creatine-phosphate, ATP, AMP or phospholipids. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient in energy metabolism as it intervenes in the production, storage and transfer of energy. Phosphorylation- dephosphorylation reactions are crucial to many aspects of metabolic control (Anderson et al., 2006).
3.3. Utrzymanie prawidłowego stanu kości i zębów (ID 324, 327)
Phosphorus is a structural component of bone and teeth. Between 80 and 85% (600-900 g in adults) of total body phosphorus exists as phosphate in the calcium salt hydroxyapatite. Inorganic phosphorus (Pi) moves in and out of bone mineral by two processes: ionic exchange and active bone resorption. Adequate phosphorus intake throughout childhood and adolescence is needed to achieve maximum peak bone mass in young adulthood which is a determinant of bone mineral status in later life. Bone tissue typically has a slow rate of turnover (remodelling) in adults, but its dynamic ion exchange permits the maintenance of Pi concentration as well as that of the ionic calcium in blood serum and extracellular fluids (Anderson et al., 2006; IoM, 1997). Calcium, phosphate, and fluoride in saliva, plaque fluid, and the inter-crystal water are key components for maintaining intact hydroxyapatite crystals in teeth (ten Cate et al., 2008).
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of phosphorus and maintenance of normal bone and teeth. However, the evidence provided does not establish that intake of phosphorus inadequate for the maintenance of normal bone and teeth occurs in the general EU population.
4.3. Utrzymanie prawidłowego stanu kości i zębów (ID 324, 327)
The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Phosphorus contributes to the maintenance of normal bone and teeth”.
5. Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
The Panel considers that in order to bear the claims a food should be at least a source of phosphorus as per Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. Such amounts can be easily consumed as part of a balanced diet. The target population is the general population. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) have not been established for phosphorus in children, adolescents and adults.
Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
Appropriate warning needed for K (to be determined) Must at least be a source of mineral/s as per annex to regulation 1924/2006