ID 3066 - Błonnik z otrębów pszennych

PL: Błonnik z otrębów pszennych
EN: TRITICUM SATIVUM-WHEAT BRAN-WHEAT
Pdf: wheat bran fibre

Oświadczenie (4)

Oświadczenie (2)

1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika

The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is “wheat grain fibre”, “wheat bran and wheat bran products”, and “Triticum aestivum – wheat bran”. The Panel assumes that the active food constituent is wheat bran fibre.
Wheat bran fibre is a component of wheat bran, which consists of the outer coat (pericarp, testa and aleuron layer) of the wheat grain (Triticum aestivum L). Wheat bran is separated from the other parts of the wheat kernel by milling and the chemical composition of wheat bran varies with the extraction rate. Wheat bran is predominantly composed of non-starch polysaccharides (∼38 %), starch (∼19 %), protein (∼18 %) and lignin (∼6 %), with the non-starch polysaccharides being primarily ∼70 % arabinoxylans, ∼19 % cellulose and ∼6 % β-(1,3)/β-(1,4)-glucan. Wheat bran typically contains approximately 45 % of dietary fibre, of which about 95 % is non-soluble fibre (Cornell and Hoveling, 1998; Pomeranz, 1988). Wheat bran products may differ with regard to chemical composition and particle size depending on the milling process.
The Panel considers that the food constituent, wheat bran fibre, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised.

2.1. Zwiększenie masy stolca (ID 3066)

The claimed effect is “intestinal health: faecal bulking”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel considers that an increase in faecal bulk might be a beneficial physiological effect.

3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka - 

Forty seven studies were cited for the scientific substantiation of two claimed effects: “increase in faecal bulk” and “reduction in intestinal transit time”.
Several studies were considered as not being pertinent for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effects evaluated in sections 3.1 and 3.2: a study with patients with severe constipation following spinal cord injury (Cameron et al., 1996), a study measuring the effect of wheat bran on faecal bile acid concentration (Alberts et al., 1996) and publications targeted for the general public (Medical News Today; Mindell, 1994). The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effects. The data from two references were identical (Fuchs et al., 1976; Floch and Fuchs, 1978) and were treated as one study. The text of the unpublished study was not available to the Panel (Dodi, unpublished).

3.1. Zwiększenie masy stolca (ID 3066)

The effect of wheat bran fibre on stool bulk was evaluated in 32 human intervention studies.
In 29 out of 32 studies, a statistically significant increase of wet and/or dry stool weight was found. In the remaining three studies statistically significant differences were also demonstrated but were limited to the higher doses of wheat bran fibre (Spiller et al., 1986) or coarse wheat bran (Smith et al., 1981; Wyman et al., 1976).
In several studies a dose dependent effect of wheat bran on faecal bulk was demonstrated. Jenkins et al. (1987) estimated that 1 g of wheat bran produced a mean increase of 2.7 g in faecal weight and Cummings calculated that 1 g of dietary fibre from wheat bran increased stool weight by about 5.3 g (SEM±0.7g) (Cummings, 1976). Chen et al. (1998) found an increase in mean wet stool weight of 4.5 g for each additional gram of wheat fibre consumed, while Stephen et al. (1986) calculated that 1 g of non-starch polysaccharides (the main component of dietary fibre) from wheat bran increased stool weight by 5 g/day. The effect is independent of the initial daily faecal weight.
The results of a meta-analysis of 20 studies also showed that wheat bran fibre increased stool weight (Muller-Lissner, 1988), and this effect is also supported by an animal study (Kahlon et al., 2001).
The insoluble components of fibre are minimally degraded by colonic bacteria, and thus remain to trap water, thereby increasing faecal bulk (Graham et al., 1982).
In weighing the evidence, the Panel considered that the majority of the human intervention studies showed a consistent effect of wheat bran fibre on faecal bulk, and that no threshold dose for the effect can be established. A linear dose dependent relationship was demonstrated in several studies.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the consumption of wheat bran fibre and an increase in faecal bulk.

4.1. Zwiększenie masy stolca (ID 3066)

The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Wheat bran fibre contributes to an increase in faecal bulk”.

5.1. Zwiększenie masy stolca (ID 3066

The Panel considers that in order to bear the claim a food should be at least “high in fibre” as per Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. The target population is the general population.

Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

1) Contains at least 25g wheat bran per portion. 2) 9g dietary fibre from wheat bran per portion compliance measure.