ID 293 - Cynk

PL: Cynk
EN: Zink
Pdf: zinc

Oświadczenie (4)

Oświadczenie (2)

1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika

The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is zinc, which is a well recognised nutrient and is measurable in foods by established methods. Zinc occurs naturally in foods and is authorised for addition to foods (Annex I of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/20066 and Annex I of Directive 2002/46/EC7). This evaluation applies to zinc naturally present in foods and those forms authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC).
The Panel considers that the food constituent, zinc, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised.

2.1. Utrzymanie prawidłowego stanu skóry (ID 293)

The claimed effect is “skin and wound healing”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
In the context of the clarifications provided by Member States, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect is related to the maintenance of normal skin.
The Panel considers that maintenance of normal skin is a beneficial physiological effect.

2.2. Synteza DNA i podziały komórek (ID 293)

The claimed effect is “skin and wound healing”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
In the context of the clarifications provided by Member States, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect is related to normal DNA synthesis and cell division.
A claim on zinc and DNA synthesis and cell division has already been assessed with a favourable outcome (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA), 2009).

2.3. Udział w prawidłowym tworzeniu białek (ID 293, 4293)

The claimed effects are “skin and wound healing” and “zinc contributes to protein synthesis, namely keratin and collagen which belong to hair, skin and nail structure”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
In the context of the clarifications provided by Member States, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect is related to normal protein synthesis including keratin and collagen synthesis.
The Panel considers that contribution to normal protein synthesis is a beneficial physiological effect.

3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka - 

Zinc is present in all tissues. It has essential structural, regulatory or catalytic roles in many enzymes. It maintains the configuration of a number of non-enzymatic proteins such as pre-secretory granules of insulin, some mammalian gene transcription proteins and thymulin. It facilitates hormone and receptor binding at membrane and nuclear levels, and it may maintain integrity of biomembranes. Consequently zinc participates in gene expression and in the mechanisms and control of major metabolic pathways involving proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids (SCF, 1993; DoH, 1991). Human zinc deficiency symptoms include retarded growth, depressed immune function, skin lesions, skeletal abnormalities, impaired reproductive ability and behavioural abnormalities such as changes in mood, loss of affect and emotional lability, anorexia, dysfunction of smell and taste, irritability and depression (SCF, 2003; EVM, 2002, Cousins, 2006).

3.1. Utrzymanie prawidłowego stanu skóry (ID 293)

One of the clinical manifestations of severe zinc deficiency in humans is akrodermatitis, characterised by erythematous, vesiculobullous, and pustular rashes primarily around the body orifices and at the extremities. Akrodermatitis enteropathica, an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a defect in zinc absorption, is characterised by extensive dermatitis, growth retardation, diarrhoea, hair loss and paronchya (King and Cousins, 2006).
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of zinc and maintenance of normal skin. However, the evidence provided does not establish that inadequate intake of zinc leading to impaired maintenance of normal skin occurs in the general EU population.

3.2. Udział w prawidłowym tworzeniu białek (ID 293, 4293)

Zinc is an essential component of a large number of enzymes participating in the synthesis and degradation of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (Freake, 2006; EVM, 2002; FAO/WHO 2004).
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of zinc and contribution to normal protein synthesis. However, the evidence provided does not establish that inadequate intake of zinc leading to impaired protein synthesis occurs in the general EU population.

4.1. Utrzymanie prawidłowego stanu skóry (ID 293)

The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Zinc contributes to the maintenance of normal skin”.

4.2. Udział w prawidłowym tworzeniu białek (ID 293, 4293)

The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Zinc contributes to normal protein synthesis”.

5. Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

The Panel considers that in order to bear the claim a food should be at least a source of zinc as per Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. The target population is the general population. Such amounts can be easily consumed as part of a balanced diet. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs) have been established for zinc in children, adolescents, adults, pregnant and lactating woman (SCF, 2003).

Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

Must at least be a source of mineral/s as per annex to regulation 1924/2006