ID 2926 -
Alfa-cyklodekstryna
PL: Alfa-cyklodekstryna
EN: Alpha-cyclodextrin (a soluble dietary fiber)
Pdf: alpha-cyclodextrin
1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika
The food that is the subject of the health claims is alpha-cyclodextrin. Alpha-cyclodextrin (cyclohexaamylose or cyclomaltohexaose) is a cyclic saccharide comprised of six glucose units linked by alpha-1,4 bonds. It is produced by the action of cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase on hydrolysed starch syrups. The annular structure of alpha-cyclodextrin provides a hydrophobic cavity that allows
formation of inclusion complexes with a variety of non-polar organic molecules of appropriate size. The hydrophilic nature of the outer surface of the cyclic structure makes alpha-cyclodextrin water- soluble. Human salivary and pancreatic amylases cannot hydrolyse alpha-cyclodextrin to a significant extent, but alpha-cyclodextrin can be hydrolysed by alpha-amylases of bacterial origin in the human intestine. Alpha–cyclodextrin is considered a soluble dietary fibre.
The Panel considers that the food constituent, alpha-cyclodextrin, which is the subject of the health claims is sufficiently characterised.
2. Znaczenie oświadczenia dla zdrowia człowieka
The claimed effect, which is eligible for further assessment, is reduction of post-prandial glycaemic responses. The proposed target population is individuals who wish to reduce their post-prandial glycaemic responses.
Postprandial glycaemia is interpreted as the elevation of blood glucose concentrations after consumption of a food and/or meal. This function is a normal physiological response which varies in magnitude and duration and may be influenced by the chemical and physical nature of the food or meal consumed, as well as by individual factors (Venn and Green, 2007). Reducing post-prandial blood glucose responses may be beneficial to subjects with impaired glucose tolerance as long as post- prandial insulinaemic responses are not disproportionally increased. Impaired glucose tolerance is common in the general population of adults.
The Panel considers that reduction of post-prandial glycaemic responses (as long as post-prandial insulinaemic responses are not disproportionally increased) may be a beneficial physiological effect.
2.1. Zmniejszenie stężenia glukozy we krwi po posiłku (ID 856, 2926)
The claimed effect is “glucose homeostasis”. The Panel assumes that the target population is subjects willing to reduce their post-prandial glycaemic responses.
In the context of the proposed wordings, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect refers to the reduction of post-prandial glycaemic and insulinaemic responses.
Postprandial glycaemia is interpreted as the elevation of blood glucose concentrations after consumption of a food and/or meal. This function is a normal physiological response that varies in magnitude and duration and may be influenced by the chemical and physical nature of the food or meal consumed, as well as by individual factors (Venn and Green, 2007). The evidence provided does not establish that decreasing post-prandial glycaemic responses in subjects with normal glucose tolerance is a beneficial physiological effect. However, it may be beneficial to subjects with impaired glucose tolerance as long as post-prandial insulinaemic responses are not disproportionally increased. Impaired glucose tolerance is common in the general population of adults.
The Panel considers that the reduction of post-prandial glycaemic responses may be a beneficial physiological effect.
3.1. Zmniejszenie stężenia glukozy we krwi po posiłku (ID 856, 2926)
Two references were submitted in relation to this claim. One is an unpublished project report which only contains the description of a study but not the results.
The second reference describes a double-blind randomised crossover human intervention study in 10 healthy subjects (Buckley et al., 2006). Subjects (five females) consumed boiled white rice with 50g
of digestible carbohydrates to which 0, 2, 5 or 10g of alpha-cyclodextrin was added. Glucose and insulin were measured over a 2h period after the ingestion of each meal. The incremental area under the curve for the glucose response was significantly lower for the boiled white rice to which 5 or 10g alpha-cyclodextrin was added compared to the control rice (without alpha-cyclodextrin). No effect on post-prandial serum insulin concentrations was observed for either dose of alpha-cyclodextrin.
In weighing the evidence the Panel took into account that only one study was presented testing the effects of alpha-cyclodextrin on post-prandial blood glucose responses when added to white rice (Buckley et al., 2006) without accompanying evidence of a biologically plausible mechanism by which alpha-cyclodextrin could exert the claimed effect.
The Panel concludes that the evidence provided is insufficient to establish a cause and effect relationship between the consumption of alpha-cyclodextrin and the reduction of post-prandial glycaemic responses.
4. Uwagi do zaproponowanego brzmienia oświadczenia
The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Consumption of alpha-cyclodextrin contributes to the reduction of the blood glucose rise after starch-containing meals”.
5. Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
The Panel considers that in order to obtain the claimed effect, at least 5 g of alpha-cyclodextrin per 50 g of starch should be consumed. The target population is adults who wish to reduce their post-prandial glycaemic responses.
Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
5 – 10 g/meal