ID 1840 -
Dysmutaza ponadtlenkowa
PL: Dysmutaza ponadtlenkowa
EN: Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
Pdf: superoxide dismutase
Oświadczenie (2)
- sprawności fizycznej i stanu
1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika
The food constituents that are the subjects of the health claims are “superoxide dismutase (SOD)”, “melon extract (containing SOD)/wheat gliadin”, and “pollen pistil extract + SOD”.
Superoxide dismutases (SOD) comprise a class of enzymes that convert the superoxide anion radical into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. The type of SOD that is the subject of the claim is not specified (amino acid sequence and mineral cofactor). However, enzymatic activity of SOD can be measured by established methods and can be used to standardise its content in foods. Gliadin is a glycoprotein present in wheat and other cereals. Gliadin is used to protect enzymes (e.g. SOD) against stomach acid-induced breakdown.
The Panel assumes that the food constituent that is the subject of the health claims (i.e. the “active” food constituent responsible for the claimed effect) is SOD. The Panel notes that absorption of intact SOD has not been observed in humans and is unlikely to occur.
The Panel considers that the food constituent, superoxide dismutase, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised in relation to the claimed effects.
2.3. Redukcja zmęczenia mięśni podczas ćwiczeń (ID 1840)
The claimed effect is “physical performance and condition”. The Panel assumes that the target population is active individuals in the general population.
In the context of the proposed wordings, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect refers to the reduction of muscle fatigue during exercise.
The Panel considers that reduction of muscle fatigue during exercise is a beneficial physiological effect.
3.3. Redukcja zmęczenia mięśni podczas ćwiczeń (ID 1840)
Eight references were provided for the scientific substantiation of this claim. Most of the references reported on foods (flower pollen extracts with unknown SOD content) other than SOD, and/or on outcomes other than the claimed effect (e.g. upper respiratory infections, chronic prostatitis, benign prostate hyperplasia, etc.). The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect.
One of the references provided reported on a study that investigated the effects of a pollen extract exhibiting SOD-activity on muscle-related outcomes during exercise before and after an intervention period (Krotkiewski et al., 1994). A total of 50 subjects were “allocated” to consume a pollen pistil extract (SOD activity reported to be 30,000 IU/g, total daily dose not reported, n=36) or placebo (n=14) for four weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, all subjects completed an alternate stepping plus cycling exercise of approximately 140 minutes duration. Heart rate was monitored at the different work loads during the bicycling and peak isokinetic and isometric strength were tested in a Kin-Com dynamometer. Lactate concentrations in plasma and muscle were assessed before and after each exercise bout. Muscle pain, oedema, tenderness and discomfort were self-rated by the subjects using a visual analogue scale in five consecutive days after the exercise bouts. Heart rate at the different work loads during the bicycling was reported to be uninfluenced by the intervention or placebo. No difference in peak isokinetic and isometric strength was detected in either of the groups. No direct measurements of muscle fatigue, endurance capacity or performance were performed during exercise. The Panel notes that the dose of SOD used in this study is not reported, that no direct measurements of muscle fatigue, endurance capacity or performance were performed during exercise, and that no information regarding the validity of the visual analogue scales used to assess muscle pain, oedema, tenderness and discomfort was provided. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from this reference for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of SOD and reduction of muscle fatigue during exercise.
Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
Food supplement with 136-272 mg of pollen pistil extract and 500-1000U of SOD in the daily dose.