ID 1727 - Miedź

PL: Miedź
EN: Copper
Pdf: copper

Oświadczenie (4)

Oświadczenie (2)

1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika

The food constituent that is the subject of the health claim is copper which is a well recognised nutrient and is measurable in foods by established methods.
Copper occurs naturally in foods and is authorised for addition to foods (Annex I of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/20064 and Annex I of Directive 2002/46/EC5). This evaluation applies to copper naturally present in foods and those forms authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC).
The Panel considers that the food constituent, copper, which is the subject of the health claim, is sufficiently characterised.

2.7. Transport żelaza (ID 269, 270, 1727)

The claimed effect is “transport and metabolism of iron” and “iron metabolism”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel considers that normal iron transport is beneficial to human health.

3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka

Copper is a component of some enzymes, cofactors, and proteins in the body. Among those copper metalloenzymes that have been identified in humans are: monoamine oxidase, diamine oxidase, lysyl oxidase, peptidylglycine-α-amidating monooxygenase, caeruloplasmin, ferrooxidase II, cytohrome c oxidase, dopamine β-hydroxylase, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, and tyrosinase. The biochemical role of copper is primarily catalytic, with many copper metalloenzymes acting as oxidases to achieve the reduction of molecular oxygen (Biesalski et al., 1997; Garrow et al., 2000; EVM, 2002; Gibney et al., 2002; Mann and Truswell, 2001; Sadler et al., 1999; Wenzel, 1999).

3.7. Transport żelaza (ID 269, 270, 1727)

Anaemia is a clinical sign of copper deficiency, and iron has been found to accumulate in the livers of copper deficient animals, indicating that copper (probably in the form of caeruloplasmin) is required for iron transport to the bone marrow for red blood cell formation (Turnlund, 1998). During severe copper deficiency, iron transport within the body is adversely affected, and iron tends to accumulate in many tissues. Copper deficiency is accompanied by a hypochromic microcytic anaemia similar to that produced by iron deficiency (Linder, 1991, Prohaska, 2006).
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between dietary intake of copper and normal iron transport. However, the evidence provided does not establish that inadequate intake of copper leading to impaired iron transport occurs in the general EU population.

4.7. Transport żelaza (ID 269, 270, 1727)

The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Copper contributes to normal iron transport in the body”.

5. Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

The Panel considers that in order to bear the claim a food should be at least a source of copper as per Annex to Regulation (EC) 1924/2006. Such amounts can be easily consumed as part of a balanced diet. Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) has been established for copper as 5 mg/day in adults and
during pregnancy and lactation. For children and adolescents UL was established as 1 mg/day for 1-3 years, 2 mg/day for 4-6 years, 3 mg/day for 7-10 years, 4 mg/day for 11-17 years (SCF, 2003).

Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

15% RDA/day = 135 µg Cu ; 270 mg of powder supports 30% RDA ; Dayly Total Dose Cu = 5 mg/day