ID 1612 - Lizyna

PL: Lizyna
EN: Essential amino acids: lysine
Pdf: L-lysine

Oświadczenie (2)

1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika

The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is L-lysine.
Lysine is an indispensable alpha-amino acid which occurs naturally in foods mainly as part of proteins, and is provided by mixed dietary protein intakes from different sources. Lysine can also be consumed in the form of food supplements as L-lysine. The content of L-lysine in foods can be measured by established methods.
The Panel considers that the food constituent, L-lysine, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised.

2.4. Udział w prawidłowym tworzeniu białek (ID 609, 1612)

The claimed effects are “for synthesis of body tissues” and “body tissues”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
In the context of the proposed wordings and clarifications provided by Member States, the Panel assumes that the claimed effects refer to the role of L-lysine in protein synthesis, which is required for the maintenance of collagen, teeth, bones and muscles.
The Panel considers that contribution to normal protein synthesis is a beneficial physiological effect.

2.6. Wzrost wchłaniania wapnia prowadzący do zwiększenia ilości wapnia w organizmie (ID 609, 1612)

The claimed effects are “for synthesis of body tissues” and “body tissues”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
In the context of the proposed wordings and the clarifications provided by Member States, the Panel assumes that the claimed effects refer to an increase in calcium absorption leading to an increase in calcium retention in the body.
The Panel considers that an increase in calcium absorption leading to an increase in calcium retention may be a beneficial physiological effect.

3.4. Udział w prawidłowym tworzeniu białek (ID 609, 1612)

Among the references provided for the scientific substantiation of the claim, one reference reported on the effects of lysine supplementation on anxiety in families whose diets consisted mainly of cereals, and whose children showed high percentages of stunting and underweight (Smriga et al., 2004). Another reference reported on the effects of L-lysine on acute calcium absorption and excretion (Civitelli et al., 1992). Two of the references dealt with the requirement for protein and indispensable amino acids, including L-lysine (Sadler et al., 1999; WHO/FAO/UNU, 2006). Three were reports on young children recently recovered from kwashiorkor and with a negative nitrogen balance, fed diets with adequate amounts of maize protein and deficient in several indispensable amino acids, or diets with an adequate amount of wheat protein and mainly deficient in L-lysine (Bressani et al., 1958; 1960; Scrimshaw et al., 1958). Another feeding study in malnourished infants and young children assessed the effects of wheat flour enriched with 0.1-0.4 % of lysine, as the sole source of protein when given at levels of at least 8 E %, on growth, serum albumin, plasma amino acids and liver morphology (Graham et al., 1971). Data on the enhancement of the nutritional value of wheat, wheat gluten or wheat flour by the addition of lysine to approach the nutritional value of casein (Hoffman and McNeil, 1949), and on the effects of such wheat products on nitrogen retention, weight, height and various biochemical variables in pre-school children, in subjects on predominant wheat diets, and in protein deficient hospitalised patients were also provided (Hoffman and McNeil, 1949; Hussain et al., 2004; Pellett and Ghosh, 2004; Pereira et al., 1969; Zhao et al., 2004). The Panel notes that the references provided indicate that the supplementation of a food deficient in one or more indispensable amino acid(s) with the deficient amino acid(s) will raise the nutritional value of the protein and can reverse any clinical or chemical indicators of insufficiency of the amino acid(s) involved, provided that total protein intake is adequate. However, none of the references provided addressed the effects of L-lysine consumed in addition to adequate protein intakes on protein synthesis. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these references for the scientific substantiation of the claimed effect.
The Panel considers that no evidence has been provided that L-lysine has a role in protein synthesis, apart from that of being an indispensable constituent of adequate dietary protein intakes.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of L-lysine and contribution to normal protein synthesis, apart from the well established role of protein on the claimed effect.

3.6. Wzrost wchłaniania wapnia prowadzący do zwiększenia ilości wapnia w organizmie (ID 609, 1612)

One reference was provided in relation to the claim (Civitelli et al., 1992). This reference reported on two human intervention studies which assessed the effects of acute loads of 3 g of calcium as calcium chloride, with or without 400 mg L-lysine, on serum total and ionised calcium concentrations, and on renal cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) excretion, in healthy and osteoporotic women, and on 47Ca intestinal fractional absorption following administration of 800 mg of either L-lysine, L-valine or L-tryptophan in osteoporotic patients. The Panel notes that none of the studies measured calcium retention, and considers that no conclusions can be drawn from these studies for the scientific substantiation of the claim.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of L-lysine and an increase in calcium absorption leading to an increase in calcium retention.

Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia

groups with insufficient intake of animal proteins