ID 120 -
Biotyna
PL: Biotyna
EN: Biotin
Pdf: biotin
Oświadczenie (4)
- Biotyna przyczynia się do prawidłowego przebiegu czynności psychicznych (psychologicznych)
Oświadczenie (2)
- rolę witamin i minerałów w sprawności umysłowej (gdzie sprawność umysłową oznacza te aspekty funkcji mózgu i nerwów, które określają aspekty, takie jak koncentracja, uczenie się, pamięć i rozumowanie)
1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika
The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is biotin, which is a well recognised nutrient and is measurable in foods by established methods. Biotin occurs naturally in foods as free biotin and in protein bound forms; there are eight stereoisomers, but D(+)-biotin is the only naturally occurring isomer that plays a role in human metabolism, and currently the only form authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/20066 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC7). This evaluation applies to biotin naturally present in foods and those forms authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC).
The Panel considers that the food constituent, biotin, which is the subject of the health claims, is sufficiently characterised.
2.7. Udział w prawidłowym przebiegu funkcji psychicznych (psychologicznych) (ID 120)
The claimed effect is “the role of vitamins and minerals in mental performance (where mental performance stands for those aspects of brain and nerve functions which determine aspects like concentration, learning, memory and reasoning)”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel considers that contribution to normal psychological functions, which encompass cognitive and affective domains, is a beneficial physiological effect.
3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka -
It is well established that biotin is a cofactor for the acetyl-CoA, propionyl-CoA, ß-methylcrotonyl- CoA and pyruvate carboxylase enzymes, which are important in the synthesis of fatty acids, the catabolism of some branched-chain amino acids and for the gluconeogenic pathway.
Pyruvate carboxylase catalyses the carboxylation of pyruvate to form oxaloacetate which, in turn, serves as an intermediate in gluconeogenesis as well as in the citric acid cycle.
Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase is required for the degradation of leucine, a branched-chain amino acid.
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyses the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA which, in turn, serves as a substrate for fatty acid elongation.
Propionyl-CoA carboxylase carboxylates propionyl-CoA to form D-methylmalonyl-CoA which is epimerised to the L-isomer and then transformed to succinyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle. The metabolic pathway from propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA is also part of the oxidation of fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms where the final cleavage forms acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA. This pathway is also involved in the catabolism of the branched-chain amino acids isoleucine and valine as well as the amino acids methionine and threonine (IoM, 1998; Stryer, 1988).
Biotin may also have a role in the regulation of gene expression arising from its interaction with nuclear histone proteins (EVM, 2003).
Biotin deficiency only appears after weeks to several years of raw egg-white feeding or biotin-free parenteral nutrition. Thinning of hair and progression to loss of all hair, including eyebrows and lashes, has been reported. A scaly (seborrhoeic), red (eczematous) skin rash was present in the majority; in several, the rash was distributed around the eyes, nose, mouth, and perineal orifices. Depression, lethargy, hallucinations, and paraesthesia of the extremities were prominent neurological symptoms in the majority of adults. The most striking neurological findings in infants were hypotonia, lethargy, and developmental delay (Mock, 2005).
3.5. Udział w prawidłowym przebiegu funkcji psychicznych (psychologicznych) (ID 120)
Depression is among the neurological symptoms of biotin deficiency observed in adults (Mock, 2005). In biotin-deficient infants, developmental delay, along with peculiar withdrawn behaviour, are characteristic of a neurological disorder resulting from lack of biotin (IoM, 1998).
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of biotin and contribution to normal psychological functions.
4.1. Udział w prawidłowym przebiegu funkcji psychicznych (psychologicznych) (ID 120)
The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Biotin contributes to normal psychological functions.”
5. Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
The Panel considers that in order to bear the claims a food should be at least a source of biotin as per Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. Such amounts can be easily consumed as part of a balanced diet. The target population is the general population.
Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
Only for products with at least 15 % RDA of vitamins