ID 116 -
Biotyna
PL: Biotyna
EN: Biotin
Pdf: biotin
Oświadczenie (4)
- Biotyna przyczynia się do prawidłowego funkcjonowania układu nerwowego
1. Charakterystyka żywności / składnika
The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is biotin, which is a recognised nutrient and is measurable in foods by established methods. Biotin occurs naturally in foods as free biotin and in protein bound forms; there are eight stereoisomers, but the D(+)-biotin is the only naturally occurring isomer that plays a role in human metabolism, and currently the only form authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/20064 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC5).
This evaluation applies to biotin naturally present in foods and those forms authorised for addition to foods (Annex II of the Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 and Annex II of Directive 2002/46/EC).
The Panel considers that the food constituent, biotin, which is the subject of the health claims is sufficiently characterised.
2.5. Funkcjonowanie układu nerwowego (ID 116)
The claimed effect is “neurological system function”. The Panel assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel considers that normal function of the nervous system is beneficial to human health.
3. Naukowe uzasadnienia wpływu na zdrowie człowieka -
Biotin is a cofactor for the acetyl CoA, propionyl CoA, β-methylcrotonyl CoA and pyruvate carboxylase enzymes, which are important in the synthesis of fatty acids, the catabolism of some branched-chain amino acids and the gluconeogenic pathway.
Pyruvate carboxylase catalyses the carboxylation of pyruvate to form oxaloacetate which serves as an intermediate in gluconeogenesis as well as in the citric acid cycle.
Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase is required for the degradation of leucine, a branched-chain amino acid.
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyses the formation of malonyl-CoA which serves as a substrate for fatty acid elongation.
Propionyl CoA carboxylase carboxylates propionyl CoA to form D-methylmalonyl CoA which is racemised to the L-isomer and then transformed to succinyl CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle. The metabolic pathway from propionyl CoA to succinyl CoA is also part of the oxidation of fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms where the final cleavage forms acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA. This pathway is also involved in the catabolism of the branched-chain amino acids isoleucine and valine as well as the amino acids methionine and threonine (IoM, 1998; Stryer, 1988).
Biotin may also have a role in the regulation of gene expression arising from its interaction with nuclear histone proteins (EVM, 2003).
Biotin deficiency only appears after weeks to several years of raw egg-white consumption or parenteral nutrition. Thinning of hair and progression to loss of all hair, including eyebrows and lashes, has been reported. A scaly (seborrheic), red (eczematous) skin rash was present in the majority of cases. Depression, lethargy, hallucinations, and paraesthesia of the extremities were prominent neurological symptoms in the majority of adults. The most striking neurological findings in infants were hypotonia, lethargy, and developmental delay (Mock, 2005).
3.5. Funkcjonowanie układu nerwowego (ID 116)
Biotin has a role in the metabolic pathway of all cells including brain and nerve cells.
Biotin deficiency symptoms include central nervous system abnormalities such as hypotonia, lethargy, and developmental delay in infants, and depression, hallucinations, and paraesthesia of the extremities in adults (FAO/WHO, 2004).
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has been established between the dietary intake of biotin and normal function of the nervous system. However, the evidence provided does not
establish that inadequate intake of biotin leading to impaired function of the nervous system occurs in the general EU population.
4.5. Funkcjonowanie układu nerwowego (ID 116)
The Panel considers that the following wording reflects the scientific evidence: “Biotin contributes to the normal function of the nervous system.”
5. Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
In order to bear the claims a food should be at least source of biotin as per Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. Such amounts can be easily consumed as part of a balanced diet. The target population is the general population. No numerical Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) has been set for biotin owing to the lack of systematic oral intake dose-response studies of biotin (SCF, 2001).
Warunki i możliwe ograniczenia stosowania oświadczenia
Must at least be a source of vitamin/s as per annex to regulation 1924/2006